Cross-Referencing
Documentation becomes much more useful when readers can follow connections between related items. Without links, someone reading the encode() page has no easy way to discover that decode() exists, or that a higher-level Pipeline class ties everything together. Cross-references turn isolated pages into a connected web. This page covers that internal linking, and ends with citations: linking your prose outward to the papers, specifications, and books your work builds on.
Great Docs provides a linking system called GDLS (Great Docs Linking System) that automatically creates clickable navigation between your API reference pages. GDLS operates at three levels, each adding a different kind of connectivity to your documentation.
The first level is the %seealso directive, which adds structured “See Also” sections that link related items together. The second level is inline interlinks, which let you create Markdown-style links to API symbols anywhere in your prose. The third level is code autolinks, which automatically turn inline code references like `MyClass` into clickable links when they match a documented symbol.
All three mechanisms resolve against the same objects.json inventory that Great Docs generates during the build. To preview which symbols are available for linking before you build, run:
great-docs scanThis is useful for confirming the exact names you can reference in your docstrings.
The %seealso Directive
The most common cross-referencing need is connecting items that serve complementary roles: an encoder and a decoder, a reader and a writer, or a class and its factory function. The %seealso directive handles this by adding a “See Also” section at the bottom of a reference page. Place it anywhere in a docstring with a comma-separated list of related names:
def encode(data: bytes, encoding: str = "utf-8") -> str:
"""Encode bytes to a string.
%seealso decode, transcode
"""
...Great Docs strips the directive from the rendered output and generates a “See Also” section with clickable links at the bottom of the page.
Names can reference any exported symbol, including class methods using dotted notation:
class Validator:
def check(self, data):
"""Run all validation checks.
%seealso Validator.reset, Report
"""
...Adding Descriptions
You can add a short description after each name, separated by a colon. When descriptions are present, the See Also section renders as a list with each link followed by its description. Without descriptions, the links appear as a compact comma-separated line.
def load(path: str) -> dict:
"""Load data from a file.
%seealso save : Write data back to a file, validate : Check data integrity
"""
...You can mix entries with and without descriptions freely:
def transform(data: dict) -> dict:
"""Transform data before processing.
%seealso validate : Check data integrity first, load, save
"""
...NumPy-style See Also Sections
If your docstrings use the NumPy docstring format, you can write a standard See Also section instead of (or in addition to) the %seealso directive. Great Docs recognizes this format, preserves the descriptions, and merges it with any %seealso entries on the same page. Duplicate references are deduplicated automatically.
def connect(host: str, port: int = 5432):
"""Open a connection to the server.
Parameters
----------
host
The server hostname.
port
The port number.
See Also
--------
disconnect : Close an open connection.
send : Transmit data over the connection.
"""
...Both formats produce the same rendered output. If a page has both a %seealso directive and a NumPy See Also section, the entries are merged and any duplicates are removed.
Inline Interlinks
Sometimes you need to mention another API item in the middle of a prose explanation rather than in a structured “See Also” section. Inline interlinks let you create Markdown-style links to API symbols anywhere in your docstring text. This is especially useful in class hierarchies and overview docstrings where you want to point readers to related pages. There are several forms:
- write
[](`~mypackage.MyClass`)to display justMyClass. The~prefix strips the package path and shows only the short name - write
[](`mypackage.MyClass`)to display the full pathmypackage.MyClass - write
[see this class](`mypackage.MyClass`)to displaysee this classas the link text - write
[see this class](`~mypackage.MyClass`)to also displaysee this class; when you supply custom link text in the brackets, it is always used as-is regardless of the~prefix
Here is an example showing interlinks in practice:
class BaseStore:
"""Base class for all stores.
Available implementations:
- [](`~mypackage.DuckDBStore`): local storage with embedded search.
- [](`~mypackage.ChromaDBStore`): vector storage using ChromaDB.
See [](`mypackage.BaseStore`) for the full API, or
[the DuckDB guide](`~mypackage.DuckDBStore`) for a walkthrough.
"""
...Interlinks work in any part of a docstring: the summary line, extended description, parameter descriptions, notes, or any other section. If a reference cannot be resolved (for example, a typo in the symbol name), the link text still renders but without a clickable link.
Code Autolinks
The first two levels (%seealso and interlinks) require you to opt in by writing specific syntax. Code autolinks take a different approach: they work automatically with no markup at all. When Great Docs encounters inline code in a docstring that matches a documented API symbol, it turns that code into a clickable link:
class Engine:
"""Core processing engine.
Use `Pipeline` to chain multiple engines together.
Call `run_pipeline()` to execute a full pipeline.
"""
...In the rendered output, `Pipeline` and `run_pipeline()` become clickable links to their respective reference pages.
Shortening Prefixes
For qualified names, you can control the display text with ~~ prefixes. The double tilde strips everything before the last component of the dotted path:
| What you write | What renders | What it links to |
|---|---|---|
`mypackage.MyClass` |
mypackage.MyClass |
MyClass page |
`mypackage.my_func()` |
mypackage.my_func() |
my_func page |
`~~mypackage.MyClass` |
MyClass |
MyClass page |
`~~mypackage.my_func()` |
my_func() |
my_func page |
`~~.mypackage.MyClass` |
.MyClass |
MyClass page |
If the name does not match any documented symbol (e.g., `~~unknown_func()`), it renders as plain code with no link.
What Gets Autolinked
Any inline code that looks like an identifier or dotted path is a candidate for autolinking. Parentheses at the end are allowed. Code that contains arguments, spaces, or operators is not linked.
Examples that will be linked (if the name exists in the API):
`MyClass``my_func()``mypackage.MyClass`
Examples that will not be linked:
`my_func(x=1)`(contains arguments)`a + b`(contains operators)`-MyClass`(starts with an operator)
When in doubt, write the name as you normally would in a docstring. If it resolves, it becomes a link; if not, it renders as plain code.
Parentheses in Cross-References
The three cross-referencing levels handle parentheses differently, so it helps to know the rules:
%seealso: Write bare names without parentheses. Great Docs automatically appends () to functions and methods in the rendered “See Also” section based on each symbol’s type. Writing %seealso decode, MyClass produces decode() and MyClass in the output, with the parentheses added only where appropriate.
Inline interlinks: The target inside backticks should be the qualified name without parentheses. Write [](`~mypackage.my_func`), not [](`~mypackage.my_func()`).
Code autolinks: Trailing () are optional and purely cosmetic. Both `my_func` and `my_func()` resolve to the same page. The parentheses are preserved in the display text but stripped during lookup. Use () when you want to signal to readers that something is callable:
class Pipeline:
"""Chain multiple engines together.
Call `run()` to execute the pipeline, or inspect `config` for current settings.
"""
...In the rendered output, run() links to the run method page (with parentheses displayed) and config links to the config attribute page (without parentheses).
Disabling Autolinks
To prevent a specific piece of inline code from being autolinked, add the {.gd-no-link} class after the backtick span:
The `Config`{.gd-no-link} parameter is a plain dictionary, not the Config class.This is useful when a word happens to match a documented symbol but you are referring to something else in context. You only need this occasionally; most autolinks are helpful and should be left in place.
Best Practices for Linking
Cross-references make documentation much more navigable, but a few guidelines help keep them useful rather than distracting.
Use %seealso to connect items that serve complementary roles. If encode() and decode() are a natural pair, linking them together helps readers discover both. For larger groupings, a brief description after each name (using the colon syntax) gives context about why the link is relevant.
Use inline interlinks when you mention another symbol in the middle of a prose explanation. This keeps reading flow natural while still giving readers a path to the referenced page. The shortened form (with ~) is usually the best choice because fully qualified paths can be long and interrupt the sentence visually.
Code autolinks require no effort on your part, since they happen automatically. But be aware that common words like Config or Data might match a symbol unexpectedly. If you notice unwanted links in the rendered output, add {.gd-no-link} to the specific code span.
Citations & Bibliography
Cross-references connect the pages within your documentation; citations connect your prose to the work it builds on (e.g., a paper, a specification, a book, etc.). Great Docs supports academic citations and a generated References section, driven by a single project-level bibliography.
Point bibliography: at a .bib file (path relative to the project root):
great-docs.yml
bibliography: docs/references.bibThen cite by key anywhere (no per-page frontmatter required):
Literate programming was introduced by Knuth [@knuth1984].That renders as “…by Knuth (Knuth 1984)”, linked to a References section. At build time Great Docs copies the .bib into the build directory and wires it into the generated _quarto.yml, so the bibliography is available to every page: User Guide pages, custom sections, the homepage, and even the docstrings that become your API reference.
Writing citations
Citations use standard Pandoc citation syntax. The citation key is the identifier from your .bib entry (knuth1984 above), prefixed with @.
| You write | Renders as |
|---|---|
[@knuth1984] |
(Knuth 1984) |
@knuth1984 |
Knuth (1984) |
[@knuth1984; @lamport1994] |
(Knuth 1984; Lamport 1994) |
[see @knuth1984, pp. 33-35] |
(see Knuth 1984, 33–35) |
[-@knuth1984] |
(1984) |
Wrap a key in square brackets for a parenthetical citation, drop them for an in-text citation where the author becomes part of the sentence, separate multiple keys with semicolons, and add a prefix, locator, or leading - to suppress the author.
The references section
When a page contains at least one citation, Great Docs renders a References section listing every work cited. By default it appears at the end of the page. To place it somewhere specific, add an empty #refs div where you want it:
## References
::: {#refs}
:::Quarto fills that div with the reference list instead of appending one at the end, and uses your heading as-is (it won’t add a second one).
Multiple bibliography files
Pass a list to combine several .bib files; all entries become citable from any page:
great-docs.yml
bibliography:
- docs/references.bib
- docs/software.bibCitation style
By default citations follow the Chicago author-date style. To use a different CSL style, point csl: at a .csl file (relative to the project root); Great Docs copies it into the build alongside the bibliography. Find styles in the Zotero Style Repository.
great-docs.yml
bibliography: docs/references.bib
csl: docs/nature.cslLocalized headings
If your site sets a language, the auto-generated references heading is localized automatically. So a French site (site.language: fr) renders Les références, with the entries themselves formatted for that language too.
If citations render as literal [@key] text with no References section, the key doesn’t match a .bib entry or the bibliography wasn’t found. So check the key spelling and that bibliography: resolves from the project root. A missing file warns ("Bibliography file not found") and the build continues without it.
Next Steps
Cross-references turn a collection of standalone reference pages into a connected web of documentation. Use %seealso for structured navigation, interlinks for inline mentions, code autolinks for the rest, and a project-level bibliography: to cite external work.
- Writing Docstrings covers how to write effective docstrings that work well with cross-referencing
- API Documentation covers how API discovery and page organization work
- User Guides explains how to link from User Guide pages to API reference pages
- Internationalization localizes the References heading and the rest of the UI
- Linting can catch broken cross-references during the build